Exam III Review

Psychological Measurements

Chapter 13 – Structured Personality Tests (self report but easy to administer)

            Strategies of Personality-Test Construction – logical content, theoretical (deductive); criterion-group, factor

                        analytic (empirical)

            MMPI – criterion group; used to assess psychiatric disorders

            CPI – criterion group; used to assess normal people

            Edwards Personal Preference Schedule – theoretical; forced-choice option; ipsative (relative) scores

            Jackson Personality Inventory – theoretical

            Tennessee Self-Concept Scale

            NEO-PI-R – factor analytic (Neuroticism, Extroversion, Openness, Conscientiousness, Agreeableness)

Chapter 14 – Projective Personality Tests (controversial and misunderstood)

            Personality - definition

            Rorschach (criticisms; comparison with TAT) – Why the early success?

            TAT (often interpreted qualitatively; comparison with Rorschach)

            Southern Mississippi TAT – up-to-date version of TAT; more rigorous scoring

            Washington University Sentence Completion Task – most psychometrically sound

            Drawing tests (advantage: easy to use; criticism: tendency to over interpret data)

Chapter 15 – Cognitive Behavioral and Computers

            Cognitive Behavioral assessment

            Self-report procedures – easy to administer; Fear Survey Schedule

            Kanfer and Saslow’s Functional approach – analysis of behavioral excesses and deficits

            Cognitive functional analysis – focuses on self-talk and how that relates to behavior

            Psychophysiological procedures

            Use of computers in testing (practitioners often do not accept as viable means)

            Internet procedures – problems mitigated by large sample size

Chapter 16 – Testing in Counseling Psychology

            SVIB & SCII – criticized for gender bias and lack of theory; developed into SII

            KOIS – Kuder Occupational Interest Survey; very good psychometric properties; gender unbiased; in addition

                        to suggesting occupations of interest, it also is designed to help students choose a major.

            Osipow’s trait factor approach – used factor analysis to find common traits characterizing occupations

            Attribution Theory – how people attempt to understand the causes of events in theirs and others’ lives

Chapter 17 – Testing in Health Psychology and Health Care

            Clinical neuropsychology – detects impairments in CNS; cognitive, motor, sensory, & emotional

            Pluripotentiality – any one center in the brain can be involved in several functional systems

            Components of psychological stress – frustration, conflict, pressure

            TAQ and TAS – state vs. trait anxiety

            Learning disability – dyslexia

            Psychophysiological procedures – heart rate, blood pressure, GSR

Chapter 18 – Testing in Industrial and Business Settings

            Cutting score – point of decision

            Base rate (passing rate) & hit rate (% cases accurately predicted) - false negatives & false positives

            Incremental validity – unique information provided by test

            MBTI – Jung’s typology; I-E, S-N, T-F, J-P

            Social-Ecological approach – person/environment relationship

            Ecological psychology – focuses on events in a behavioral setting

            Moos’s environmental classification system – list and/or discuss 6 characteristics (ecological dimensions,

behavioral settings, organizational structure, characteristics of inhabitants, psychosocial and

organizational climate,

                        functional or reinforcing properties)